The Foolproof Ielts Essay Samples with Correction ( 7 8 ) Strategy

The Foolproof Ielts Essay Samples with Correction ( 7 8 ) Strategy It's almost not possible to cater for each and every colleague's wants and interests, be nice even with those who irritate you, and make friends under stressful problems. You may be amazed at how simple the questions are! A new job, for example, might present challenges that push the individual to adapt, acquire new expertise, or increase their skill set. More research should be done before picking a specific supplier. You will have to make sure that you use the right verb tense and the proper aspect simple or continuous based on what you would like to say. By utilizing different techniques of page turn you may also boost your eBook encounter. It is a lot easier to write whenever you have a strategy. Check out whether you may turn the page with some arrow keys or click a particular portion of the display, besides utilizing the mouse to control everything. It is essential to begin practicing and preparing y ourself for the writing task punctually. Also, note that for obtaining a band score 9 you should have both exam abilities and language abilities. You shouldn't use the eBook continually for many hours without breaks. Adding a number of the winning elements from the sample essays below will supply you with the added marks you want to be a high-scorer on the IELTS. You're able to choose the test in all key cities and regional places. The B1 scales are definitely the most similar. The marking scale is precisely the same. There is a broad array of rather natural vocabulary required to spell out a graph and there aren't any spelling mistakes. Put simply, it is going to boost their productivity level. In the General Training Writing Task 1, you're provided a circumstance and tested on your capacity to compose a letter in an ideal style in order to reach a certain outcome. Some people believe that students who achieve the greatest academic results ought to be rewarded. Life, Death, and Ielts Essay Samples with Correction ( 7 8 ) Ensure your writing is short, easy, and direct. If not you should work on your grammar range, boost your vocabulary and read a good deal more to construct your command over the language. So if you're good at typing when compared with writing with a pencil that is something which you need to do in IELTS writing, choose wisely. Your handwriting has to be legible. Letters are an essential kind of communication. An easy and clear English can be far more powerful than you be lieve. If, but the action happened in the past but it has some type of effect on the present, or whether or not it continues into the present, we must use the present perfect. The opening paragraph has all of the key details about the graph but itparaphrasesthe question. If you're more interested in the end result of the action, then use the very simple aspect. When you're asked whether you agree (or disagree), you are able to look at either side of the argument if you'd like. Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Ielts Essay Samples with Correction ( 7 8 ) Is Wrong Certainly, money has an important role in our lives. Certainly, it is an important part in our lives. So, for lots of people, it may appear appropriate to marry for money instead of love. To a lot of folks, it's appropriate to marry for money as opposed to love. The 1 trick isn't to use the very same words both times! Your general impression will be a lot stronger in case you speak fluidly and only hunt about for a fantastic word once or twice. If you attempt to answer a question that you do not understand, you will almost surely become incoherent. The question can help you with the structure of your talk. It is very important to bear in mind that a letter is a sort of communication and you must make it rather intuitive. Make certain you carefully read all the info written there. If you would like to do so, be sure you read all of the info written on the site. When you place in your own personal information make certain that it is accurate. The Ultimate Ielts Essay Samples with Correction ( 7 8 ) Trick The academic writing isn't like your usual essay writing where it is possible to think while writing. An additional reason to plan the writing task before you get started writing. In addition, the writer has an inclination to be re petitive. Even if you believe you're a bad writer today, you can learn to take your simple essay and transform it into something a lot more effective. There's an IELTS blog run by language experts, in the event you want an advice. Exam skills deal with how quickly you may frame an appropriate essay dependent on the topics given by IELTS. Any interviewer for a job would trust a succinct conversation above a bit of paper.

Effects Of Gambling On Youth And Academic Responsibilities...

A current health issue in Australia particularly in Ballarat, Victoria, is gambling. Gambling harms communities and its members through relationship breakdowns that can lead to domestic violence. Furthermore, the effects of gambling can impact workplaces and academic responsibilities because of poor performance, job loss, and absenteeism. Gambling leads to financial burdens including accumulating debts and asset losses that can result in unpaid debts and unable to pay for basic needs such as groceries and utility bills. This can lead to actions such as theft, imprisonment, and bankruptcy or divorce proceedings, causing further impacts on communities and on the public purse, for instance, charities and human services agencies that work with individuals and families to assist in health and wellbeing issues caused by gambling. This essay will examine the physical, mental and social wellbeing of problem gambling effects and social determinants that influence gambling. Furthermore, this essay will discuss challenges experienced by communities, views of the community, as well as planning and management issues linked to gambling. While gambling is not traditionally a disease like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), heart disease or Alzheimer’s disease, it, however, does cause health issues that impact communities just the same. Pokie machines have become a form of entertainment in most Australian communities and according to Victorian data from The Pokies Play You (2016) website,Show MoreRelatedEssay on Societys Problems and My Role in Helping It1213 Words   |  5 Pagesone or more specific problems? As the problems in society arise, it is the duty of every individual to ease the burden by helping to solve these problems. Too often, individuals pass off that responsibility with the hope that others will pick up the slack. The problem is that too many shrug their responsibility leaving an insurmountable degree of perils. It is everyones obligation to help solve the problems because everyone has a stake in society. Not enough people see the whole picture when it comesRead MoreEssay on Societys Problems And My Role In Helping It1211 Words   |  5 Pagesone or more specific problems? As the problems in society arise, it is the duty of every individual to ease the burden by helping to solve these problems. Too often, individuals pass off that responsibility with the hope that others will pick up the slack. The problem is that too many shrug their responsibility leaving an insurmountable degree of perils. It is everyones obligation to help solve the problems because everyone has a stake in society. Not enough people see the whole picture when it comesRead MoreEssay On Pay To Play1452 Words   |  6 Pages1903, New York City’s Public Schools Athletic League held its first a track-and-field event for 1,000 boys at Madison Square Garden (Ripley, 2013). This formation of a large, urban, public school sports league was a major development for organized youth athletics and also signaled that athletics had become an important part of public education (Bowen Hitt, 2016, p. 8). This coincided with both the expansion of education to America’s children and an increased number of immigrants (Ripley, 2013)Read MoreEffects Of Gambling Addiction On College Performance Essay1864 Words   |  8 PagesGambling problems, alcohol use and their impact on college performance are ongoing issues in education. Furthermore, gambling can lead to addiction, which can be a major factor in poor performance or even be dropping out of college. Therefore, multiple studies examined the relationship between gambling addiction, alcohol use, and college performance. Particularly, most research on gambling has focused on the issues related to the problem or pathological gambling. A theory from various disciplinesRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency2109 Words   |  9 Pagessocial issue nowadays. The causes of juvenile delinquency have been summarized in this research, such as personal〠family〠school and society factors; what features juvenile delinquency have and how we c an control the delinquency effectively so that the youths can grow up healthily have also been discussed in this research. Keywords: juvenile delinquency, causes, features, control. Juvenile Delinquency 5 Juvenile Delinquency In recent years, juvenile delinquency has beenRead MoreGraduation Speech : College Graduates1663 Words   |  7 Pagesremain missing. As John Pelletier, the director of Champlain College’s Center for Financial education compared it, â€Å"we would not allow a young person to get into the driver’s seat of a car without requiring driver’s education, and yet we allow our youth to enter the complex financial world without any related education† (2). As so many young people are in desperate need of personal finance lessons, putting this content within the required high school curriculum would give them all a background theyRead MoreFactors That Can Influence Justice in Americal2533 Words   |  11 Pagescorrupted law officers and politicians – and legal counsel. It’s revenue comes from narcotics trafficking, extortion, gambling, and prostitution, among others (u-s-history.com). The Supreme Court is another factor that ensures justice in America. â€Å"Equal Justice Under Law† – These words are written above the main entrance to the Supreme Court building, express the ultimate responsibility of the Supreme Court of the United States. The Court is the highest tribunal in the nation for all cases and controversiesRead MoreShould Social Media Reduce Cyberbullying?1848 Words   |  8 Pagesimportantly, it can be a waste of time as people can visit a site to check on thing and end up spending the whole day ‘behind the screen’ and as a result, not doing anything useful with their lives. Addition to these, cyberbullying is one of the biggest effects of social media. Cyberbullying can be a problem as people can take advantage of the fact that there is no one who can effectively stop the bullying when it happens due to everything being performed behind a screen. The only way for a bully to be stoppedRead MoreCollege Student Gambling: Examining the Effects of Gaming Education Within a College C urriculum15937 Words   |  64 PagesCOLLEGE STUDENT GAMBLING: EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF GAMING EDUCATION WITHIN A COLLEGE CURRICULUM A Thesis Presented by MARYANN CONRAD Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE September 2008 Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management  © Copyright by Maryann Conrad 2008 All Rights Reserved COLLEGE STUDENT GAMBLING: EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF GAMING EDUCATION WITHIN A COLLEGERead MoreThe effects of Social Media on youth2419 Words   |  10 Pages Title: The effects of social networking on youth. Abstract Online social networking has become extremely popular with youth and young adults. These self-expressive sites describes the lives and excitement of today’s youth. Social networking refers to activities that are carried out by specific online services that provide space and tools that allow the creativity of others to shine and express themselves. How are the youth effected if at

Impact of Bribery and Corruption

Question: Write an essay on Impact of Bribery and Corruption? Answer: Bribery and corruption have become a major issue globally. In the past few years, a phenomenon corruption has attracted many people to deal with it. In developing as well as the developed countries, the governments have been affected by this phenomenon, which lead to their downfall. Where there is bribery, there is corruption. To define them individually, bribery is a particular offense that concerns the practice of gifting something to gain illicit advantages. On the other hand, corruption is abusing a position of trust to gain undue advantages (Belch, 2014). Bribery is often referred to as an accompaniment of conducts that are corrupt, and the procedure of corruption occurs in the entrepreneurial activities or public institutions. This particular essay deals with the impact of bribery and corruption on the economic and political system of different countries, especially the United States of America and the United Kingdom. This essay will also discuss about the legal structures of t hese two countries when they are affected by this phenomenon (Pacini, 2012). Bribery and corruption have almost become endemic and unavoidable in the public sectors and every society. This particular research is based on the impact of corruption in a countrys legal system. The administrators, legislators and political elite are mostly influenced to take or receive bribes. The industrialists offer bribes to them to get work done smoothly. This affects the legal system of any country. Politicians and higher officials are being partial to the needs of the common people. This has a negative impact on the overall economy of the country. Bribes can have a positive impact as well. They can help in avoiding regulations and saving time. Bribes can also help to influence the allocation of monetary benefits such as favored prices, credit subsidies and exchange rates (Sloman et al. 2014) A consensus has grown that bribery and corruption are toxic to the economies of the state as well to the societies. The occurrence of corruption is very high in the transition and develo ping states, where bribery is pervasive and endemic, most importantly within a perfectly structured corruption system. A perfect framework could assure that the payments, which are not official, when paid by individuals or firms will be ultimately delivered. The receivers of bribe perform as combined suppliers lower the marginal revenue as compared to the marginal costs to exemplify higher demands for goods and ultimately meet their equilibrium. This indicates that the revenue received from the bribe is greater than that of the marginal revenue, and it is lowered in public institutions. In a disorganized corruption system, enterprises face a huge amount of uncertainties that lead to bribing of various functionaries for similar services and results in bribery costs that are unnecessary (Ala'i, 2014). The structured and hierarchical system of corruption hinders opportunistic behaviors by individual agents or subordinates. This results in anticipated bribe requirement as well as consec utive achievement of the services and leads the enterprises to pay more bribes and administer more business. This, in turn, makes the corrupt behaviors thrive, thereby, constituting the vicious circle between bribery and corruption within the regime of bureaucracy. Corruption also thrives in circumstances, which is characterized by strong administrative and legal frameworks. Poor enforcement, huge discretionary powers, complex regulations and fragile legal networks provide a productive condition for corruption. It is because, under these conditions, officials engage themselves in seeking rent by abusing their priorities related to politics. World Bank has shown in the recent survey that Cambodia had created huge spaces for the discretion of surplus and rent seeking by regulating overlying and excessive measures. To simplify, it can be said that regulations play an insignificant role in reducing bribery and corruption (Banerjee, 2014). The determinants promoting corruption are those things that create demand for corrupt administration as well as affect the supply in the act of corruption. A deal that is corrupt partners with supply and demand sides in case of international transactions. The demand sides reflect the exporters from foreign nations. They, in all probability, demand deals that are corrupt from the public servants of domestic states. More corruption may be lured in the importing nations at the time of exporters, inclined to make maximum use of the bribes than the others may. The nations that believe in conducting more transactions at the international level with the exporters, who aims at claiming bribes, are considered to be more corrupt. When a government acts as a purchasing institution (on the demand side) and the traders or agents act as a party for the seller (on the supply side) in the case of public obtainment, the public officials take advantages of the public authorities (Boles, 2014). They es tablish rules for obtainment or procurement and confer contracts that often offer them potential chances to conduct corrupt acts. This special relationship of trading between a company and the government agency provides the agent of government with better opportunities to increase and develop demand for services and commodities. Demand sides of the public institutions manipulate the process of distribution of the scarce resources to gain those services or commodities (Purcell, 2014). The bribery and corruption degree is often measured by demographics, i.e., the geographic reach of the region as well as by the annual costs on corruption that were spent on the transactions globally. Recently, the World Bank Institute has done a survey on the bribery level worldwide. It has shown that within a single year, the bribery level has reached to about $1 trillion. Transparency International or TI has evaluated that the recurrence of corrupt deals within the government obtainment has led the corruption level to rise to $400 billion every year. Corruption at the global level is almost under control over the recent years (Cuervoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Cazurra, 2014). However, the Corruption Perceptions Index of 2013 shows that 177 countries that were surveyed in the index of 2013, score below fifty on a scale ranging from zero to hundred, where zero represented more corrupt, and hundred represented less corrupt. Both New Zealand and Denmark rank first with scores of ninety-one at the corruption perceptions index of 2013. It is also found that those countries that scored below fifty are the developing countries, and the top ten countries are notably the European and the developed countries. Due to the cultural, economic and political factors, wealthier and developed countries are more prone to administer bribery and corrupt acts while the developing nations believe in bribing and conducting corrupt deals that can partly or fully make up to the supplements or additives for their Gross Domestic Product or GDP. The European countries reveal relevantly small or fewer possibilities of processing corruption. According to the latest report related to graft in the European Union, 120 billion costs of corruption have occurred in Europe that constituted about one percent of the total economic output and forty-three percent of the deemed firms that faced corruption (Gal, 2014). The Corruption Perceptions Index ranks countries and territories based on how corrupt their public sector is perceived to be. A country or territorys score indicates the perceived level of public sector corruption on a scale of 0 - 100, where 0 means that a country is perceived as highly corrupt and 100 means it is perceived as very clean. A country's rank indicates its position relative to the other countries and territories included in the index. Rank Country Score Surveys used CI: lower CI: upper 2012 score 1 Denmark 91 7 87 95 90 1 New Zealand 91 7 87 95 90 3 Finland 89 7 86 92 90 3 Sweden 89 7 85 93 88 5 Norway 86 7 82 90 85 5 Singapore 86 9 82 90 87 7 Switzerland 85 6 81 89 86 8 Netherlands 83 7 80 86 84 9 Australia 81 8 79 83 85 9 Canada 81 7 77 85 84 11 Luxembourg 80 6 75 85 80 12 Germany 78 8 74 82 79 12 Iceland 78 6 73 83 82 14 United Kingdom 76 8 74 78 74 15 Barbados 75 3 63 87 76 15 Belgium 75 7 71 79 75 15 Hong Kong 75 8 71 79 77 Corruption Perceptions Index 2013 (Top 15 Ranks) In the multinational companies, the corruption is occurring at an effectively high rate thus by undermining the global economy as well as ruining the common people's confidence in the public sectors since there lies leadership issue in that company worsening the situation (Banerjee, Mullainathan Hanna, 2012). In these specific situations, the presence of strong and effective regulations plays a vital role in blocking corrupt and bribable behavior. In a global context, the two main codes of conducts acting strongly against this bribery as well as corruption practices occurring in both public and private sectors are the UK Bribery Act 2010 and the US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977(FCPA). This US Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) deals definitely with the domestic as well as international firms preventing them from performing any corruption or bribery payment practices. The FCPA consist of two main parts including the anti-bribery provisions and records and internal control p rovisions (Newburn, 2015). The FCPA not only effects the bribery deals, but it also states that any company making any suspected payments through bank accounts are equally questionable and comes under the practice of crime and thus shall be penalized as well. Additionally, the strict penalty that has already been applied to the companies for these prohibited behaviors has restricted these illegal practices in a much effective way. In a more specific context, a company or any individual performing these illegal practices can be penalized with two million dollars for each infringement and can also be sent behind bars for five long years with a fine of 250000 dollars (Law, 2015). On the other hand, as compared to FCPA, the UK Bribery Act 2010 has a broader version of extra geographical authorities that goes much beyond the FCPA. The UK Bribery Act 2010 has an intense improvement in the field of anti-bribery dealings (Banerjee, Mullainathan Hanna 2012). The UK Bribery Act that was firs t enacted on July 2011 helped the UK government in controlling these illegal practices in an enhanced way not only by criminalizing the domestic officials and company employees but also taking strict actions against the third party representing a firm or foreign trading enterprise. The UK Bribery Act thus offers a board-raging and stronger code of conduct as a complement for FCPA (Cheung, Rau Stouraitis, 2012). Elaborately, it can be said that all the companies that perform bribery will be considered as criminal and in this case, under the Act, no discharge shall be made for the payment that has been made. In addition to this, the person would be fined with unlimited fines as well as an imprisonment of minimum ten years. Thus, when both the discussed codes of conduct are combined to form one, that will be further capable of dealing with the worldwide corruption and hence make the economic conditions nurture cleaner and stronger. The paper was started with an assumption that the practice of corruption and bribery is prevalent and omnipresent in all the existing societies (Johnsn Mason, 2013). It verifies the hypothesis with the example as well as the theories related to the clearing of these unfair practices. This is due to the reason that mostly under any well-structured organization, the business deals with some unauthorized payments which ends up being bribery. In the same way, it was also found out that more frequent corruptions occur in the excessive regulatory networks where one could provide a public administrator with the productive base of neglecting the administrations to build the pre-determined rules and regulations for extra rent seeking (Pearce, Segon Booth, 2014). While the analysis was made on the impact of both the supply as well as demand side that led towards corruption and bribery practices, it was observed that when the government or the public institution particularly represents the de mand portion of the public procurement or international transactions, more corrupt acts can be processed (Kassem Higson, 2016). These corrupt include the creation of more opportunities to confer the trading contract to the traders through their privileged powers. Also, to this, while measuring the extent of bribery as well as corruption, it was also found that geographically the cost that was incurred in illegal deals in the developed nations are relevantly high and takes place annually (Pacini, 2012). Thus, it can be concluded that although UK Bribery Act is more efficient in removing these practices, the combination of both the UK Bribery Act and FCPA will turn out to be more effective in deterring the worldwide corruption and stop the international bribery (Arewa Farrell, 2015). References: Ala'i, P. (2014). Civil Consequences of Corruption in International Commercial Contracts.American Journal of Comparative Law,62(Supplement 1), 185-211. Arewa, A. O., Farrell, P. (2015). The culture of construction organisations: the epitome of institutionalised corruption.Construction Economics and Building,15(3), 59-71. Banerjee, A., Mullainathan, S., Hanna, R. (2012).Corruption(No. w17968). National Bureau of Economic Research. Banerjee, R. (2014). On the interpretation of bribery in a laboratory corruption game: moral frames and social norms.Experimental Economics, 1-28. Bartlett, A. (2014). Remaining blase about foreign corrupt practices law is an increasingly risky game. Belch, G. (2014). Analysis of the Efficacy of the Bribery Act 2010, An.Aberdeen Student L. Rev.,5, 134. Boles, J. R. (2014). The Two Faces of Bribery: International Corruption Pathways Meet Conflicting Legislative Regimes.Michigan Journal of International Law,35(4). Cheung, Y. L., Rau, P. R., Stouraitis, A. (2012).How much do firms pay as bribes and what benefits do they get? Evidence from corruption cases worldwide(No. w17981). National Bureau of Economic Research. Cuervoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Cazurra, A. (2014). Corruption.Wiley Encyclopedia of Management. Drugov, M., Hamman, J., Serra, D. (2014). Intermediaries in corruption: an experiment.Experimental Economics,17(1), 78-99. Fredriksson, P. G., Neumayer, E. (2014). Corruption and Climate Change Policies: Do the Bad Old Days Matter?.Environmental and Resource Economics, 1-19. Gal, I. L. (2014). Economic Bribery as a Part of Economic Criminal Law and a Concomitant of Political Corruption.JE-Eur. Crim. L., 23. Gilbert, J. A., Sharman, J. C. (2014). Turning a Blind Eye to Bribery: Explaining Failures to Comply with the International Antià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ corruption Regime.Political Studies. Gueorguiev, D., Malesky, E. (2012). Foreign investment and bribery: A firm-level analysis of corruption in Vietnam.Journal of Asian economics,23(2), 111-129. Johnsn, J., Mason, P. (2013). The Proxy Challenge: Why bespoke proxy indicators can help solve the anti-corruption measurement problem.U4 Brief,2013(2). Kassem, R., Higson, A. (2016). External Auditors and Corporate Corruption: Implications for External Audit Regulators.Current Issues in Auditing. Law, L. (2015). Demand Side of Transnational Bribery and Corruption: Why Leveling the Playing Field on the Supply Side Isn't Enough, The.Fordham L. Rev.,84, 563. Newburn, T. (2015). Literature review-Police integrity and corruption.HMIC. Pacini, C. (2012). Foreign Corrupt Practices Act: Taking a Bite out of Bribery in International Business Transactions.Fordham J. Corp. Fin. L.,17, 545. Pearce, J., Segon, M., Booth, C. (2014). Bribery and corruption: modus operandi or unethical practice?. Purcell, A. J. (2014). Corruption and misconduct: A behavioural reflection from investigative reports into local government.Journal of Business Systems, Governance Ethics,9(1).

Lab Report Flame Test Essay Example

Lab Report: Flame Test Paper Hydrochloric Acid into the 50 ml beaker. 3. Clean the Monochrome wire before each test. To do this, rinse it with distilled water from the wash bottle, dip it into the Hydrochloric Acid, and place it in the burner flame for a few moments. 4. Take note of the color of the flame when the wire is clean. This is the color you should see after each cleaning. 5. Once the wire is clean, dip it into one of the solutions, place the wire in the flame, and observe the color of the flame. 6. Clean the Monochrome wire as directed in step 3, then repeat step 5 until all of the solutions have been tested. Record your observations as you go. 7. Repeat steps 3 through 5 for each of the unknown solutions and try to determine what the solution may be based on your observations of the known substances. Data and Observations: Solution Color of Flame Barium Nitrate green/yellow to orange Copper Nitrate blue/green to orange Lithium Nitrate purple/red to orange Potassium Nitrate pink/purple Sodium Chloride bright orange Calcium Nitrate red/orange Strontium Nitrate red to orange to yellow Unknown A red/orange Calcium Nitrate Unknown B pink/purple Potassium Nitrate Unknown C bright orange Sodium Chloride The metallic ions that are present in the solutions are Barium Nitrate, Copper Nitrate, Strontium Nitrate, Lithium Nitrate, Potassium Nitrate, Sodium Nitrate, and Calcium Nitrate. Calcium Nitrate is present in Unknown A. Potassium Nitrate is present in Unknown B. Sodium Chloride is present in Unknown C. When the ions burn it is a chemical change. We will write a custom essay sample on Lab Report: Flame Test specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Lab Report: Flame Test specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Lab Report: Flame Test specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The colors we saw and the lines of the electromagnetic spectrum are all colors of the rainbow. Calculations: There were no calculations made in this lab. Conclusion: Barium Nitrate burns green/yellow. Copper Nitrate burns blue/green. Lithium Nitrate burns purple/red. Potassium Nitrate burns pink/purple. Sodium Chloride burns bright orange. Calcium Nitrate burns red/orange. Strontium Nitrate burns red, orange, and yellow. If other compounds containing the same metal ions were flame tested, I think that they would burn the same colors, unless mixed with others.